Countries with Natural Gas Agreements with Turkey
Before discussing the statistics of countries with natural gas agreements with Turkey, let's briefly summarize Turkey's natural gas consumption quantities and the distribution of consumed natural gas by sectors between 2015 and 2020 using two tables.
Turkey's Natural Gas Consumption
Year Consumption (Cubic Meters) Change
2015 47,999,276,834 -1.5%
2016 46,395,060,000 -3.3%
2017 53,857,140,000 16.1%
2018 49,328,933,112 -8.4%
2019 45,285,498,424 -8.2%
2020 48,261,352,140 6.6%
As seen in the tables, the highest natural gas consumption in Turkey was in 2017 with a 16.1% increase compared to the previous year. While it was expected to continue increasing after 2017, it decreased in 2018 and 2019, and in 2020, the consumed natural gas regressed to the levels of 2015. The second table highlights that approximately 16.55% of the consumed natural gas is used in electricity generation, indicating Turkey's dependency on natural gas at around 16.55% in electricity production. Another significant aspect is the average natural gas ratio of approximately 13.1% used in the industry, which is also used in residential areas to a similar extent.
Turkey's domestic natural gas production was approximately 759 million cubic meters in 2011, and it reached around 457 million cubic meters in 2020, resulting in a decrease of 39.79% since 2011. This figure shows that Turkey meets approximately 1% of the total natural gas consumption with its own resources and is 99% dependent on imports. This supply is carried out through mutual "natural gas agreements" with countries that provide natural gas supply.
From which countries does Turkey import natural gas?
According to the Natural Gas Sector Report, 45,211.47 million cubic meters of natural gas were imported in 2019 (official import and export figures for 2020 have not been announced as of this report's date). Turkey imports the majority of its natural gas (33.61%) from the Russian Federation. In 2020, Turkey's consumed natural gas, according to the Energy Market Regulatory Authority (EPDK) Natural Gas Sector Report, was purchased through long-term pipeline agreements with Russia at a rate of 33.6%, from Azerbaijan at 24%, and from Iran at 11.1%. Additionally, Turkey has been importing LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) from Algeria since 1994 and from Nigeria since 1999. Turkey's LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) imports in 2019 were approximately 12,694 million cubic meters (28.08% of total natural gas imports).